背景
公司使用的华为防火墙需要配置双因子登录认证。
搭建FreeIPA
首先设置 hostname
hostnamectl set-hostname freeipa.rendoumi.local echo "192.168.1.5 freeipa.rendoumi.local" >> /etc/hosts
然后安装 FreeIPA，注意要回答的几个问题
- 不装bind，无论是 dnsmasq 或 coredns，都比 bind 轻，要装也装那两个。
- server hostname 是 freeipa.rendoumi.local
- domian name 是 rendoumi.local
- realm name 是大写的 RENDOUMI.LOCAL
- 有两个密码，第一个是 LDAP 的密码，第二个是 IPA 的密码
yum -y install deltarpm yum update yum -y install freeipa-server sysctl net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=0 ipa-server-install This program will set up the IPA Server. This includes: * Configure a stand-alone CA (dogtag) for certificate management * Configure the Network Time Daemon (ntpd) * Create and configure an instance of Directory Server * Create and configure a Kerberos Key Distribution Center (KDC) * Configure Apache (httpd) To accept the default shown in brackets, press the Enter key. WARNING: conflicting time&date synchronization service 'chronyd' will be disabled in favor of ntpd Do you want to configure integrated DNS (BIND)? [no]:no Server host name [freeipa.rendoumi.local]: Please confirm the domain name [rendoumi.local]: Please provide a realm name [RENDOUMI.LOCAL]: Directory Manager password: Password (confirm): ... IPA admin password: Password (confirm): The IPA Master Server will be configured with: Hostname: freeipa.rendoumi.local IP address(es): 192.168.1.5 Domain name: rendoumi.local Realm name: RENDOUMI.LOCAL Continue to configure the system with these values? [no]: yes The following operations may take some minutes to complete. Please wait until the prompt is returned. Configuring NTP daemon (ntpd) ... Setup complete Next steps: 1. You must make sure these network ports are open: TCP Ports: * 80, 443: HTTP/HTTPS * 389, 636: LDAP/LDAPS * 88, 464: kerberos UDP Ports: * 88, 464: kerberos * 123: ntp 2. You can now obtain a kerberos ticket using the command: 'kinit admin' This ticket will allow you to use the IPA tools (e.g., ipa user-add) and the web user interface. Be sure to back up the CA certificate stored in /root/cacert.p12 This file is required to create replicas. The password for this file is the Directory Manager password
验证
以上，就装好了 FreeIPA，配置文件在 /etc/ipa/default.conf 验证一下：
# 输入ipa密码 kinit admin klist ipactl status # sn 输入 01 ipa cert-show
登录
http://freeipa.rendoumi.com ，（注意你访问的机器必须能解析到这个域名）用户名 admin ，密码是上面填入的 ipa 密码，建立一个新用户；然后给这个用户添加 OTP Token：
缺省什么都不用填，直接选 Add；会蹦出来一个二维码，建议是用 FreeOTP 扫描：
我们在手机上装上 FreeOTP 软件，扫描添加：
这样就ok了。下次登录的时候密码就是预设密码+FreeOTP密码合在一起。比如预设密码是 Fuck，otp密码是762405，合在一起就是 Fuck762405，一起输入即可。
那 FreeIPA 的部分就完成了。
搭建 FreeRadius
上面的部分其实是 FreeIPA 充当了用户数据库，用 LDAP 存放数据，而 Radius 需要从 IPA 拿到用户信息。
安装
yum -y install freeradius freeradius-utils freeradius-ldap freeradius-krb5
Radius 的配置都在 /etc/raddb 目录下：
编辑 /etc/raddb/client.conf ，增加一个网段的认证，允许 172.0.0.0/8 访问
client localnet {
ipaddr = 172.0.0.0/8
proto = *
secret = Fuck2021
nas_type = other
limit {
max_connections = 16
lifetime = 0
idle_timeout = 30
}
}
同时修改下面的 clinet localhost 部分，修改 secret，之后我们要从本地登录做测试
client localhost {
secret = ChinaBank2021
再修改 /etc/raddb/sites-enabled/default and /etc/raddb/sites-enabled/inner-tunnel ，支持 LDAP，有二处地方
把
# # The ldap module reads passwords from the LDAP database. -ldap
换成：
#
# The ldap module reads passwords from the LDAP database.
ldap
if ((ok || updated) && User-Password) {
update {
control:Auth-Type := ldap
}
}
把
# Auth-Type LDAP {
# ldap
# }
换成：
Auth-Type LDAP {
ldap
}
然后 ldap 模块配置一下
ln -s /etc/raddb/mods-available/ldap /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/
我们先用 ldapsearch 搜索一下，看看具体的 dn 信息，这里输入之前设置的 ldap 密码
ldapsearch -x -v -W -D 'cn=Directory Manager' uid=test|grep test ldap_initialize( <DEFAULT> ) Enter LDAP Password: filter: uid=test requesting: All userApplication attributes memberOf: cn=test,cn=groups,cn=accounts,dc=rendoumi,dc=local
得到 cn=accounts,dc=rendoumi,dc=local
再去修改 /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/ldap 文件，修改 server 和 base_dn 与之对应：
server = 'freeipa.rendoumi.local' base_dn = 'cn=accounts,dc=rendoumi,dc=local'
注意，上面我们没装 bind，所以必须在 /etc/hosts 存在记录，否则本地就访问不到了
验证
启动 radiusd 的调试模式：
radiusd –X ... Listening on auth address * port 1812 as server default Listening on acct address * port 1813 as server default Listening on auth address :: port 1812 as server default Listening on acct address :: port 1813 as server default Listening on auth address 127.0.0.1 port 18120 as server inner-tunnel Opening new proxy socket 'proxy address * port 0' Listening on proxy address * port 36752 Ready to process requests
再开一个终端测试一下，注意，我们是从本地(127.0.0.1)发起测试的，所以对应要用到上面设置的 secret，用 admin 登录，就避免要用到 freeotp 的口令，这里 xxxxxxxx 是 admin 的密码：
radtest admin xxxxxxxx freeipa.rendoumi.local 1812 ChinaBank2021 Sent Access-Request Id 57 from 0.0.0.0:45247 to 172.18.31.41:1812 length 75 User-Name = "admin" User-Password = "xxxxxxxx" NAS-IP-Address = 172.18.31.41 NAS-Port = 1812 Message-Authenticator = 0x00 Cleartext-Password = "xxxxxxxx" Received Access-Accept Id 57 from 172.18.31.41:1812 to 0.0.0.0:0 length 20
看到上面 Access-Accept 就ok了，ctrl-c 终止 radiusd 的运行，开启 radiusd 服务。
systemctl enable --now radiusd
然后在华为防火墙设置这个 radiusd 服务器就可以了。
参考资料：
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